Magic With Music
If you’re having one of those days when you need to hear only slow, depressing songs,
or if you’re having a party and don’t want any of the aforementioned songs getting in
your way, use the MusicMagic plugin that comes bundled with Winamp. It analyses
your music and relates tracks according to their “acoustic fingerprint”, so similarsounding
tracks fall under the same playlist. You can access it from the Media Library
(it’s the second entry from the bottom) and change its settings under Options >
Preferences > Media Library > Predixis MusicMagic.
Monday, January 25, 2010
Top 10 Oldest Domain Names on The Internet
Top 10 Oldest Domain Names on The Internet
The domain name is the Internet address that is used to uniquely identify a computer or a website connected to the Internet. These names appear as a component of a Web site's URL. Here is the list of the first 10 domain names ever registered on the Internet.
1. SYMBOLICS.COM (registered on15-Mar-1985)
2. BBN.COM (registered on 24-Apr-1985)
3. THINK.COM (registered on 24-May-1985)
4. MCC.COM (registered on 11-Jul-1985)
5. DEC.COM (registered on 30-Sep-1985)
6. NORTHROP.COM (registered on 07-Nov-1985)
7. XEROX.COM (registered on 09-Jan-1986)
8. SRI.COM (registered on 17-Jan-1986)
9. HP.COM (registered on 03-Mar-1986)
10. BELLCORE.COM (registered on 05-Mar-1986)
It's surprising to see the first domains were registered way back in 1985. I would have thought that they came into being no early than 1990 because Tim Burnes Lee - the father of the World Wide Web - invented the web only in early 1990s. That means the first WWW addresses were registers even before the WWW was invented!
The domain name is the Internet address that is used to uniquely identify a computer or a website connected to the Internet. These names appear as a component of a Web site's URL. Here is the list of the first 10 domain names ever registered on the Internet.
1. SYMBOLICS.COM (registered on15-Mar-1985)
2. BBN.COM (registered on 24-Apr-1985)
3. THINK.COM (registered on 24-May-1985)
4. MCC.COM (registered on 11-Jul-1985)
5. DEC.COM (registered on 30-Sep-1985)
6. NORTHROP.COM (registered on 07-Nov-1985)
7. XEROX.COM (registered on 09-Jan-1986)
8. SRI.COM (registered on 17-Jan-1986)
9. HP.COM (registered on 03-Mar-1986)
10. BELLCORE.COM (registered on 05-Mar-1986)
It's surprising to see the first domains were registered way back in 1985. I would have thought that they came into being no early than 1990 because Tim Burnes Lee - the father of the World Wide Web - invented the web only in early 1990s. That means the first WWW addresses were registers even before the WWW was invented!
Sunday, January 24, 2010
ROM (READ ONLY MEMORY)
ROM (READ ONLY MEMORY)
As discussed in my early post on different types of memories here is about ROM READ ONLY MEMORY. it is also known as NON-VOLATILE MEMORY which simply means the data written in ROM is permanently written and cant be even washed away when the power is switched off. It is primarily used to store the programs used most frequently by the computer and various softwares of an OPERATING SYSTEM.
Usually the program and files stored in the ROM deals with interaction with hardware of the computer one such program is the BIOS( BASIC INPUT AND OUTPUT DEVICE). It is being used by the computer every time the computer is started. BOOTSTRAP LOADER is also located in this memory only.
Know as the memory is constantly evolved so if we cant alter or change the information in ROM than new memory cant be employed to use to overcome this program various types of ROM are there they can be summarized as:-
1.) MASKED ROM:-
It is the permanent ROM which is prepared by masking of sheets. Since it uses permanent storing technique so the data written in it once cant be alter later. Now a days it has completely been remove from the market and has got little use in machines which have to perform specific operation only.
2.) PROGRAMMABLE/ERASABLE ROM:-
This is a ROM in which the data can be re-programmed again and again because the information is stored in it in a semi-permanent way and it is prepared by placing specific fuses at points. Special techniques are used to change them and thus it can be re-program by the programmer.
3.) ELECTRICAL PROGRAMMABLE ROM:-
IT is almost same as that of above it differs only in the way that electric current is being used to alter the information.
4.) FLASH LIGHT TECHNIQUES:-
It is one the most recent and modern invention in which the laser beam is being focussed for a fraction of second on the chip in which the data has to been altered and it intensity and frequency is being controlled according to the desired use. It is faster and easier method but it is in developing phase and at present is costlier technique.
As discussed in my early post on different types of memories here is about ROM READ ONLY MEMORY. it is also known as NON-VOLATILE MEMORY which simply means the data written in ROM is permanently written and cant be even washed away when the power is switched off. It is primarily used to store the programs used most frequently by the computer and various softwares of an OPERATING SYSTEM.
Usually the program and files stored in the ROM deals with interaction with hardware of the computer one such program is the BIOS( BASIC INPUT AND OUTPUT DEVICE). It is being used by the computer every time the computer is started. BOOTSTRAP LOADER is also located in this memory only.
Know as the memory is constantly evolved so if we cant alter or change the information in ROM than new memory cant be employed to use to overcome this program various types of ROM are there they can be summarized as:-
1.) MASKED ROM:-
It is the permanent ROM which is prepared by masking of sheets. Since it uses permanent storing technique so the data written in it once cant be alter later. Now a days it has completely been remove from the market and has got little use in machines which have to perform specific operation only.
2.) PROGRAMMABLE/ERASABLE ROM:-
This is a ROM in which the data can be re-programmed again and again because the information is stored in it in a semi-permanent way and it is prepared by placing specific fuses at points. Special techniques are used to change them and thus it can be re-program by the programmer.
3.) ELECTRICAL PROGRAMMABLE ROM:-
IT is almost same as that of above it differs only in the way that electric current is being used to alter the information.
4.) FLASH LIGHT TECHNIQUES:-
It is one the most recent and modern invention in which the laser beam is being focussed for a fraction of second on the chip in which the data has to been altered and it intensity and frequency is being controlled according to the desired use. It is faster and easier method but it is in developing phase and at present is costlier technique.
CACHE (THE FASTEST MEMORY)
CACHE (THE FASTEST MEMORY)
As discussed in my earlier post on DIFFERENT MEMORIES OF COMPUTER, The CACHE is in a main memory of the computer and the computer has got direct access to it. In fact CACHE is one of the fastest and costliest memory of the computer. The main work of the CACHE is to take the data from the memory to the registers were the arithmatic and logical processing is done on it.
Although it is one of the fastest memory still it"s size is smaller, now a days computer has got 512kb of CACHE.now there are two important operations related to cache and that CACHE HIT and CACHE MISS. the CACHE stores the information which is most frequently used by computer and the user. now when we need an information or computer has to perform an operation it looks in the CACHE now if it has already got the desired information than the computer will almost instantly perform the operation and this is known as CACHE HIT. But if it doesn"t have the desired information than it have to be transferred to REGISTERS through CACHE and that takes some time and that is known as cache miss. Now depending on the location and there size the CACHE can be divided in two categories and they are:-
1.) INTERNAL CACHE:- this type of cache has recently been introduced in the computer and its size is only about 64kb only, but already with its introduction the computer speed has already increased by 1000 times. Now this INTERNAL CACHE is located on the same chip as the MICROPROCESSOR.
2.) EXTERNAL CACHE:- This is the main cache of the computer which is in use since long time and has got an size of about 512kb. this CACHE is responsible for taking the data from the RAM to REGISTERS. It is located between the RAM and PROCESSOR(REGISTERS).
As discussed in my earlier post on DIFFERENT MEMORIES OF COMPUTER, The CACHE is in a main memory of the computer and the computer has got direct access to it. In fact CACHE is one of the fastest and costliest memory of the computer. The main work of the CACHE is to take the data from the memory to the registers were the arithmatic and logical processing is done on it.
Although it is one of the fastest memory still it"s size is smaller, now a days computer has got 512kb of CACHE.now there are two important operations related to cache and that CACHE HIT and CACHE MISS. the CACHE stores the information which is most frequently used by computer and the user. now when we need an information or computer has to perform an operation it looks in the CACHE now if it has already got the desired information than the computer will almost instantly perform the operation and this is known as CACHE HIT. But if it doesn"t have the desired information than it have to be transferred to REGISTERS through CACHE and that takes some time and that is known as cache miss. Now depending on the location and there size the CACHE can be divided in two categories and they are:-
1.) INTERNAL CACHE:- this type of cache has recently been introduced in the computer and its size is only about 64kb only, but already with its introduction the computer speed has already increased by 1000 times. Now this INTERNAL CACHE is located on the same chip as the MICROPROCESSOR.
2.) EXTERNAL CACHE:- This is the main cache of the computer which is in use since long time and has got an size of about 512kb. this CACHE is responsible for taking the data from the RAM to REGISTERS. It is located between the RAM and PROCESSOR(REGISTERS).
RAM ( RANDOM ACCESS MEMORY)
RAM ( RANDOM ACCESS MEMORY)
RAM ( RANDOM ACCESS MEMORY) as discussed in my earlier post on DIFFERENT MEMORIES OF COMPUTER it is an internal memory or main memory. It is also known as VOLATILE MEMORY. VOLATILE here simply means that the data stored in this memory is not permanent and as the power is switched off its data is also removed or washed away.now RAM can also be termed as READ AND WRITE MEMORY because simply we can read as well as write in this memory.RAM is used in the execution of different programs and since every program needs a particular amount of memory. Now for the fast working of computer it is required to have at least 512kb of memory and its size varies between 128KB to 1GB. In this memory the data is accessed randomly not sequentially and thats why it is termed as RANDOM ACCESS MEMORY. Now further this memory can simply be classified as
1.) STATIC RAM:-
this ram is made up of a device called flip-flop. FLIP-FLOP are the devices which can store the data. for eg:- A 1byte of flip-flop can store 8 bits of data. In flip-flop data is stored as voltage. But it has got limitation that only few number of flip flops can be stored on a chip and thats why its density is reduced and thats why they are not in much demand in market.
2.) DYNAMIC RAM:-
This type of RAM uses a technique of MOS-TRANSISTOR GATES. the greatest advantage of this technique is that comparatively larger number of gates can be stored. Now this memory is made up of a device known as CAPACITOR. it stores the bit as a charge. Now its disadvantage is that capacitor has got a property that its charge is being continuously lost with time now that can result in data loss. now to overcome this problem a refreshing circuit is attached along with this. Refreshing circuit simply keeps on transforming the information till it is being used. when the use gets finished or the application is turned off it stops and thus this problem is also solved.
RAM ( RANDOM ACCESS MEMORY) as discussed in my earlier post on DIFFERENT MEMORIES OF COMPUTER it is an internal memory or main memory. It is also known as VOLATILE MEMORY. VOLATILE here simply means that the data stored in this memory is not permanent and as the power is switched off its data is also removed or washed away.now RAM can also be termed as READ AND WRITE MEMORY because simply we can read as well as write in this memory.RAM is used in the execution of different programs and since every program needs a particular amount of memory. Now for the fast working of computer it is required to have at least 512kb of memory and its size varies between 128KB to 1GB. In this memory the data is accessed randomly not sequentially and thats why it is termed as RANDOM ACCESS MEMORY. Now further this memory can simply be classified as
1.) STATIC RAM:-
this ram is made up of a device called flip-flop. FLIP-FLOP are the devices which can store the data. for eg:- A 1byte of flip-flop can store 8 bits of data. In flip-flop data is stored as voltage. But it has got limitation that only few number of flip flops can be stored on a chip and thats why its density is reduced and thats why they are not in much demand in market.
2.) DYNAMIC RAM:-
This type of RAM uses a technique of MOS-TRANSISTOR GATES. the greatest advantage of this technique is that comparatively larger number of gates can be stored. Now this memory is made up of a device known as CAPACITOR. it stores the bit as a charge. Now its disadvantage is that capacitor has got a property that its charge is being continuously lost with time now that can result in data loss. now to overcome this problem a refreshing circuit is attached along with this. Refreshing circuit simply keeps on transforming the information till it is being used. when the use gets finished or the application is turned off it stops and thus this problem is also solved.
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